Asfaw Temesgen Bari, Assistant Professor, Department of Cooperatives, College of Business and Economics,
Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Indigenous knowledge is people’s familiarity that describes some social norms viz: value, belief, practices of the respective community and guides indigenous institutions of the people. Hence, the objectives of the study are to explore the contribution of indigenous knowledge for the modern saving and credit cooperative development and the role of saving and credit cooperative in community development. Data were collected from respondents and key informants by using semi-structured questionnaires and interview respectively. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics Pearson’s product moment correlation coefficient was used to establish the nature of the relationship between savings and credit cooperative development and the explanatory variables. Among the traditional cooperation in Oromia, Equb is highly preferred and practiced by the community for financial cooperation (78.7%). It is informal and local saving mediators for rotating fixed amount of money regularly among members. It is lead by customary leadership including honesty (59.1%) and neighborhood membership (50.4%) guided by informal agreed rules (54.3% and pulling fixed amount of money (71.3%) that are contributing for saving and personal use. Equb is an indigenous unlegislated financial cooperation that contributed for the development of the modern saving and credit cooperative in Oromia (92.2 % of respondents). Saving and credit cooperative are formal financial intermediates serving members in saving mobilization and providing loan for direct asset creation for the members and help to run petty business locally for generating income that improves the members’ life (92.2%) and service for the local community at vicinity. The cumulative effect is saving and credit cooperative contributes for community development. The internal control, professional management and commitment of elected leaders have relative high direct relation to the development of SACCOs nevertheless embezzlement of SACCOs property and competition from other MFI have negative relation with the development of SACCOs.
Professor Swami Prakash Srivastava, Head, Dept. of Economics & Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences (UG), Dayalbagh Educational Institute-(Deemed to be University), Agra.
A financial infrastructure based on Bitcoin and its underlying technology Blockchain will herald a revolution just like the internet. Very similar to the internet, Bitcoin is a free to join, open source, decentralised network.. Bitcoin is a sound currency which has all the best characteristics of sound money and the Bitcoin network is the fastest,cheapest and easier way to send money from one person to the other. Already progressive government like the UK and Singapore and pro Bitcoins are trying to attract Bitcoin companies to operate in their jurisdiction by providing them favourable working conditions. Due to the recent economic downturn in the United States, the dollar understandably faltered. China would like to see a currency not directly tied to the American dollar, its stock markets and its banks. The European Union also comes into play here, as they recently suggested that virtual currencies—like bitcoin—should remain exempt from many traditional taxes, including the infamous value added tax. The value added tax is an additional amount passed on the value of an article, increasing at each stage of an object’s production or distribution. Similar to good, old, cold, hard cash, this is a major boost to bitcoin’s eventual viability as a global currency.
2016 was the year of Bitcoin, and saw this digital currency grow almost 79% as compared to Russia’s Ruble and Brazil’s Real, the world’s foremost hard currencies. As a result, it emerged as a better bet for investors while beating foreign exchange trade, stock exchange trade, and commodity contracts. Experts estimate that in just two years, by the year 2020, there will be five million active bitcoin users. Of this five million, fifty-one percent of users are expected to be outside the United States. These are impressive statistics; however, consider an even more impressive estimation: bitcoins are expected to be the world’s sixth largest reserve currency by the year 2030. Just as currency and exchange rate fluctuate constantly depending on external factors such as politics, current economic conditions, stock market trading and various transaction trends, bitcoins react in a similar fashion. Although Bitcoin is now nine years into existence, countries still do not have explicit systems that restrict, regulate, or ban the cryptocurrency. The decentralized and anonymous nature of bitcoin has challenged many governments on how to allow legal use while preventing criminal transactions. Most countries are still analyzing ways to properly regulate the cryptocurrency. Overall, bitcoin remains in a grey area as the technological leap has left lawmakers far behind.
Dr. M.R.Biju, Dean, School of Social Sciences & Head, Dept.of Public Administration and Policy Studies, Central University of Kerala, Kasargod and M.R.B. Anantha Padmanabha, Deputy Editor, South Asian Journal of Socio-Political Studies (SAJOSPS).
Taking and considering the present state of affairs with a historical perspective, it can be stated undoubtedly that the Rohingya have a right to be recognized as a national group which has to be treated equal to other ethnic nationals in Myanmar. Even if a strong image of the ex-immigrants from Chittagong sticks on them, it is meaningless to avoid those people as foreigners. There is no rational reason to put the year of 1823 as a criterion for dividing the people in Burma between indigenous and non-indigenous. In order to change the situation in the border of Burma and Bangladesh from an explosive area of another possible exodus to a stable area where the border trade can be increased and be prospered, the first step to be taken is to “quality” those Rohingyas as a Burmese national ethnic group. Without taking this measure, nothing will be improved and a thorny obstacle may remain for another uncountable decades. Not only the Government of Bangladesh but also the international community in all are expected to make efforts to persuade the military government of Burma to accept the Rohingyas into their national community. Further, A concerned diplomatic effort involving Bangladesh and Myanmar, and international mediators such as the Organization of Islamic Countries and the United Nations, is urgently required to effectively address the complex situation.
In short, in the light of the above discussions it can be concluded that;
- The Rohingya crisis is a human rights crisis with serious humanitarian consequences. In Myanmar/Burma, the Rohingya have very limited access to basic services and viable livelihood opportunities due to strict movement restrictioins and are denied citizenship rights. This has rendered them one of the largest stateless populations in the world.
- The Government must prioritise inter-communal dialogue, mediation and conflict resolution in Rakhine State, where tensions between ethnic communities are widesprdead, and community segregation is institutionalized.
- While international organizations help meet emergency humanitarian needs, it is crucial that both the Union (national) and Rakhine State (regional) governments address the basic needs of the affected population while promoting durable solutions, in line with international standards, and stimulate inclusive and sustainable development for all communities.
- Safe and unhindered access to populations in need should be granted to humanitarian aid organizations, not only in Myanmar/Burma, but in all countries of Asia where the Rohingya people are seeking asylum and protection. The crisis has a wider regional dimension, with record numbers of Rohingya fleeing to neighbouring countries. Following violent incidents in Norther Rakhine in October, 2016 and August 2017, over 400000 Rohingyas have fled across the border in to Bangladesh. Earlier between 2014 and 2015, some 94000 people also departed irregularly on precarious boat journeys, often falling prey to human trafficking and ending up in modern-day slavery.
Praveen Kumar. K, Research Scholar, Department of Public Policy, Law and Governance, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan and Prof. Nagendra Ambedkar Sole, Professor, Department of Public Policy, Law and Governance, & Dean, School of Social Sciences, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Ajmer, Rajasthan.
Corruption is considered as one of the major obstacle for the development right from Kautilya’s time. It is widespread due to lack of punitive measure against the misappropriation of funds from the Treasury and secondly the protection, public servants enjoy, give them a free hand in many official matters. The political culture is also responsible for the expected change in the governance. The role of judiciary along with the police reforms and community policing and active vigilance is required to bring some changes in the present. This paper deals with the theoretical aspect of corruption in India, forms that occur and various measures or reforms introduced over the years to eradicate corruption. It seeks to find out what were the obstacles in the implementation in-spite of excellent ideas. It also strives to throw a light on the importance of public participation and the role of information in bringing radical changes in the Indian administration. The Public needs to be aware about the system and make the officials accountable for their actions.
Dr. P. Lazarus Samraj, Professor, Department of Politics and International Studies, Pondicherry University, Gothanda Moorthy. C and Vineeth Thomas, Doctoral Fellows, Department of Politics and International Studies, Pondicherry University
Democracy is the only highly acceptable effective modus operandi for the peaceful transfer of power between competing political groups. Rich legacy of democracy in UK& USA and the decolonisation process after WW II played a catalytic role in the adoption of democracy throughout the world. Orange revolution, Bulldozer revolution, Jasmine revolution, revolts against authoritarian regimes in Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Nepal and Myanmar are some of the visible examples of aspirations of humanity to adopt democracy.
India, the largest democracy in the world is experimenting constitutional democracy since her independence during mid-twentieth century. There are plenty of factors that are corroding Indian democracy. Only the time tested constitution and well established political institutions can pull the transitional Indian democracy to the level of mature democracy. It is historically proven fact that attaining democratic maturity is a time consuming process. For instance, British who had started practising democracy in thirteenth century attained maturity only in twentieth century by undergoing lots of turmoil, bloodshed, instability etc.
In this context, this paper intends to throw light on the major factors which are affecting the peculiar conditions of Indian democracy namely Money, Media and Corporate. This paper keenly analyses each factor and finally puts forward practical solutions to contain these three factors.
Dr. Javeed Ahmad Bhat, Post-Doctoral Fellow, ICSSR/ BBAU Lucknow, Visiting Fellow, Ubon University, Thailand
In this paper, an attempt has been made to draw comparison between Gujjars and Paharis of Jammu and Kashmir on the basis of Caste, Occupation and Education in order to know the difference in their overall ranking in the social and economic hierarchy. It would also help us to know the socio-economic position of these two communities, simultaneously it was a modest attempt to know, if reservation had really alleviated the backwardness of Gujjars and to what extent the demand of the Paharis for Scheduled Tribe is legitimate and genuine, because socio-economic backwardness of a community or a group is being considered as an important criteria for granting reservation to that particular group. The comparison is based on the lines of the socio-economic status through using an information schedule which includes the items related to identity, social, economic and educational indicators. The study has revealed that both the communities are yet much far away from the purview of progress. The author suggested for some concrete ameliorative action measures that will focus the marginalised within the community.
Dr. G. Palanithurai, Professor, Rajiv Gandhi Chair for Panchayati Raj Studies, Department of Political Science and Development Administration, Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University, Gandhigram
Vettiyans have to be relieved from such hazardous works and they have to be rehabilitated. The Government Order passed by the Government of Tamil Nadu has to be implemented letter and spirit. Till government finds alternative to this practice of burning and burying the dead bodies, the grievances of the Vettiyans have to be redressed. Protective measures have to be taken by giving instruments and safety equipments for the works they do. The wage has to be hiked by doubling the wage of unskilled workers. Minimum wage has to be fixed for the work and that can be done by the government. Burial and burning ground should have some basic facilities and the place should be maintained as clean as the divine place. An electric light provision has to be made in the burning ground. Water and toilet facilities have to be created there. Shade giving trees have to be planted in the premises of the burial and burning ground. The graveyard has to be maintained neatly and cleanly. Compound walls have to be constructed. All the above facilities have to be created by the Gram Panchayat. Professional training has to be conducted for them to perform the task more scientifically. There are modern cemeteries constructed by various civil society organisations. These cemeteries never use firewood to burn the bodies. After performing the religious rites, the dead bodies will be inserted into the cemetery. The body will be burnt in the natural heat generated in the cemetery. Government of Tamil Nadu can think of aliternative mode of disposal of dead bodies as devised by civil society organisations. Considering the quantum of firewood used for this purpose, an alternative mode can be thought of. Thus for every five panchayats one cemetery could be created and they can be managed professionally by the local bodies. User fee can be levied from the users. Cost of maintenance can be met from the user fee collected from the users. Thus this vettiyans can be liberated from this unscientific task and modernize the very process of burning the dead bodies.
Professor Malli Gandhi, Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, Regional Institute of Education (NCERT), Mysore, Karnataka
The main objective of development of tribal communities is to get tribal communities into mainstream society. Tribal communities are most backward. To bring them to mainstream, certain measures have been taken by government in different plan periods. In the process of implementation of various development programmes many committees and commissions recommended to government for upgradation of these programmes for better results. When it comes to policy issues, there are different strategies followed by government and other organizations. The current effort deals with various aspects such as tribal development activities, tribal policy in pre and post independence period, Nehru’s vision on tribals and government committee reports and their recommendations for the development of tribal communities.
Dr. Haseena V.A, Post Doctoral Fellow (ICSSR), Department of Women’s Study Centre, Cochin University of Science and Technology
Tribes are the heterogeneous group of people belonged to the aboriginal population ‘Malnutrition deaths of infants/children are highly prevalent in India. in India there are 533 different tribes concentrated in different states. In India there are 29 % (3.09 lakh) of all first-day deaths globally. Among various social groups and states the extent and severity of malnutrition deaths of infants/children are different. Socially marginalized groups such as tribals, fisherfolk and dalits account a high percentage of Malnutrition deaths. But it is shocking to see in Kerala –a state with superb achievements in Human development, people’s planning, governance, and women’s literacy. According to the 2011 Census, the total tribal population of Kerala was 426,204. This constitutes only 12.7% of the total population of the state. Major causes included asphyxia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, aspiration, apnoea, preterm and low birth weight, development growth delay, and intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Sickle cell anemia and Hepatitis B were also common among the tribal communities. The young children were frequently suffering from scabies and dysentery. The factors such as lack of sanitation, fresh water availability and lower calorie and iron intake are leading to malnutrition, anemia and spread of communicable diseases among the tribes. Government initiates many steps for the tribal upliftment but the real problems of the tribals in this region are not addressed by them. The real problems of all this are their land alienation. They lost their livelihood because of their massive attack on land by the settlers. These forced both men and women among the tribal communities in Attappady to indulge in the habit of consuming alcohol. Ala these afctors leds the tribal communities in to a situation of deplertion in their health. The disapperence of the forest eco system also acted as one of the important cause of the degradation of their health sattaus.
Prof. Neelima Deshmukh, Formerly Head, Dept. of Public Administration & Local Government and Director, CWSD, RTM Nagpur University, Nagpur
It is a welcome stage to observe the momentum gathered by women empowerment program in India since declaration of 2001 as a women empowerment year. As a sincere commitment to millennium Dev. Goals 3, the signatory nations of United Nations Development program have been putting up their best efforts to eliminate gender bias, creation of gender sensitive, and conductive environment enabling women to develop women holistically and contribute to the process of nation building. Almost all the govt., non govt., public or private institutions, NGOs have been giving their priority to ensure the process of women empowerment at large, and are addressing, designing & redesigning the policies, programmes, and strategies ensuring its effective and efficient implementation, through various means of social, political and economic empowerment, with this focused objective the government of India has taken the initiatives to undertake the capacity building programmes for women mainly through the Women & Child and other allied ministries, through the network of various institutional system, working at a grass root level. Considering the present status of women in India, the complicated issues of their safety security, violence domestic violence, gender imbalance, female foeticide, literacy, legal literacy, health, education and the drudgeries in day to day lives of women are on the top most agenda of the Govt. to be addressed thoroughly. The schemes discussed above in details reflects the Government’s honest intentions, and efforts to create gender balanced new society of India by way of eliminating the obstacles and constraints by trying to establish equity and equality but sometimes certain provisions and conditional clauses dilute the impact that a certain scheme or policy would have. These lacunae can be solved by not just the mere presence of civil society but seriously using their suggestions at various stages such as formulation and implementation and also at the time of further accessing the results. The crucial issues affecting the women’s lives vis a vis process of their empowerment are being examined thoroughly through the lens. Those schemes have been newly introduced and would need some gestation period to evaluate their performance but on the whole smooth and satisfactory take off calls for wide appreciation of national functionaries and the policy makers.
Dr. Deepak Kumar Pandey, Assistant Professor, GDC Bazpur, US Nagar, Uttarakhand.
Since very beginning of the societal institutions with power structure, the question of individual status vis- a –vis these structures have been enquired into. The quest to find some theorization and to maintain the equilibrium between these two; leads too many theories, some tilted toward one end and some towards another. Some theories make efforts to have a proper balance between these two. From ancient Greek theorists to modern theorists, effort has been made to draw and point the line on which this balance could be made.
The need to control; control with the exercise of power creates the space for power structures like states, and the cry for space for individual to define the limits, leads to the notion of liberty, justice and other entitlements, which they may claim from these structures. Claim for entitlements, which necessitate social ‘animal’ to be ‘political’; under the power structure of social life pave the way for the evolution of state and its citizenship in its various forms. Citizenship encompasses the body of rights and political entitlements of claimants under a definite political boundary. Rights, like laws and institution, were bound up with the realization of individuals and their needs.
Another issue is that, does every claimant has a right to claim? Or only to those claimants, who are recognized by these power structures (like state). There is a long confrontation between duties as a subject owed to state or authoritative structures and duties of state towards their subjects (or citizens) as the sole authority in political domain. Here this differentiation leads to concept of citizen and subjects in political structure. The differentiation between citizens and subjects (non claimants and without any entitlements or negligible entitlement) is very much visible from beginning in the discourse of polity. State and power structure demands the duties as subjects and provide the entitlements as rights of citizens. In this paper attempt will be made to analyse and enquire the citizenship of Vantangia people in different contexts having political entitlements they possess. Vantangia community, which evolved as community during British period arises because of the colonial needs as of Girmitiya and Teenkathiya Community. This community is mainly found in some blocks of eastern UP region and also in some pockets of Terai region of Uttarakhand. This paper will make an attempt to explore the Citizenry Rights of Vantangia people in Context of theories of citizenship.
Suvamoy Pramanik M.Phil, Junior Research Fellow (Geography), Centre for the Study of Regional Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi and Babar Ali Ph.D, Research Fellow (Geography), Centre for the Study of Regional Development, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi
Since last two-decades air pollution in Delhi has been one of the burning issues. Several controlling measures and policies have been implemented but the results are not satisfactory. So, it is important to configure the ongoing situation to understand the loopholes in the present system. This study is divided into two parts. The first part contextualises the background with the help of government data and reports. The second part chronically analyses the air pollution policies and critically focuses on factors affecting air pollution in Delhi. Besides, the reports from newspapers are used to substitute the arguments. This study shows that the actual motive of all policies sounds good but there remains some problems e.g. administrative and legal power division among different institutions and lack of coordination. Besides, policies are not so futuristic and suffer from lax enforcement. The overall performance of civic agency is not satisfactory and finally, lack of public awareness makes it too complicated. The overall outcome of this study is that it introduces a serious debate regarding the role of government and offer some suggestions which may improve the present situation of air pollution in Delhi.
Dr. Padmalaya Mahapatra, Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration, Utkal University, Odisha
Poverty and social exclusion are problems affecting every part of the globe. Poverty and social exclusion also impact each other either as causes or vulnerability factors. The present paper seeks to study these issues in the context of human rights. It examines the concepts of poverty and social exclusion particularly with regard to human rights and considers the relationship between the two concepts including similarities, and their impact on each other. The role of a comprehensive human rights framework in addressing poverty and social exclusion is also considered.
Dr. T.S. Girishkumar, Professor of Philosophy, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Gujarat
The Vedopanishadic knowledge tradition, the antiquity of which one need not stress upon, took shape at a time when empirical sciences, scientific instruments, scientific methods did not exist. These texts are available to us, and modern sciences find the information from such texts are accurate, and at times more accurate. This prompts us to understand that they had a distinct and different methodology to knowing, which is known as ‘experiential’ or knowing through Anubhava. The details to which shall take longer discussions, but there existed this distinct methodology in Bharat.
For the modern ones, who find the limit of assimilation as Aristotle say, when they become unable to proceed, they can venture into this methodology. Indeed, this methodology shall be very difficult, but for the ones who wish to go for it, it must be made available. At the same time, at least information regarding ancient Bharatiya knowledge tradition must also be provided through our curriculum.
On most part, the information we carry regarding Society, Politics and Civilisation etc., hardly represent ourselves and hardly reflect a knowledge tradition from which we are what we are. Our questions should be, how meaningful shall those theories be to young inquisitive minds? Perhaps this implicitly compels young minds to blind acceptance of subordination, against which Swami Vivekananda had been much vocal. To both accept and reject knowledge ‘invasion’ the young (and old alike) must be equipped with our own knowledge tradition. We should then be able to accept, agree or disagree and even reject those getting dumped upon young minds.
Rashmi Rekha Das, Doctoral Fellow (JRF), Dept. of Public Administration, Utkal University and Dr. Padmalaya Mahapatra, Associate Professor, P.G. Dept. of Public Administration, Utkal University
The present study is an attempt to understand the impact of E-Governance in enhancing the administrative efficiency in the state of Odisha. In this high-tech era, E-Governance has become almost a necessity. Many developing countries including India are attaching importance to investment in Information and Communication Technologies and under this circumstance, the state of Odisha has also developed a comprehensive ICT Policy with a view to improve the administrative efficiency of the State as well as the standard of living of the citizens residing in the state.
A lower level of technology-awareness of the general citizens plays a crucial role. So, the implementation of E-Governance raised many questions at the beginning especially regarding loss of job in public service. But later, after the implementation of E-Governance it could be noticed that they were appreciating such a measure because this system attained a good state of service delivery. However, changes need to be qualitatively improved with more consistent enthusiasm and commitment.
E-governance heralds unparalleled reforms in the processes and structures of governance. It offers scores of benefits to the government and its citizens and various other stakeholders. In India, issues of weak governance, poverty, and bureaucratic corruption among others could be arrested with successful application of e-governance. The electronically propelled reforms, therefore, are capable of engendering greater citizens’ involvement in policy formulation, responsive governance and administration, besides, ushering global best practices that are cultural and contextually compatible.
Farooq Ahmad Waza, Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Political Science, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar.
Jammu and Kashmir is among the pioneering states to have introduced the decentralized planning in 1976 and made district a unit of planning. The state has been preparing and implementing district plans since last four decades through District Planning Boards. Despite continuous plan hike in plan allocation which amounts to 30% of the state’s total plan outlay, the development deficit is visible in various pockets of each district. The District Planning Boards as an institutional mechanism has failed to fulfill the rationale of ensuring speedy development and people’s participation The paper argues that there is a need to rejuvenate the district planning by adopting the three tier Panchayat Raj system in the state on democratic principles by carrying out reforms in the Jammu and Kashmir Panchayat Raj Act, 1989.The present dispensation of PD-BJP has committed itself for a meaningful and empowered panchayat Raj in the state in their Common Minimum Programme also called as Agenda of Alliance.
The planning Commission in the fourth Five Year Plan (1969-74) began its rethinking on planning and advocated decentralized planning in view of the failure of the centralized planning or top-down model of planning to achieve the intended objectives. The plan envisaged district as a unit of development in order to overcome the development deficit that had widened the already existing intra and inter-regional disparities that lead to widespread discontent. Underlying this strategy the two most important concepts that dominated this approach were ‘integrated area development’ and ‘micro-level planning’1. The central concern was that planning must reflect the specific needs, preferences and endowments of the area so that the funds pumped for the development is used in an effective and efficient manner.
Dr. A.K. Ampotti, Head, Department of Islamic Studies, University of Kerala
Makti Thangal was the first and foremost Muslim reformer of Kerala who made strenuous initiatives to build a modern Islamic community in Kerala. He was to Muslim community what was Sree Narayana Guru to Ehavas, and he exhorted his Muslim brethren to embark on a cultural regeneration, citing the example of the Ezhava community under the Sree Narayana Dharma Paripalana Yogam. Though his contemporaries like Shaykh Muhammed Hamadhani Tangal and Chalilakathu Kunhammad Haji were well-known and distinguished reformers, they could not spread the reformist ideals through their speeches and writings throughout the breadth and length of Kerala as Makti Thangal did. The establishment of hegemony of the English East India Company in the beginning of the nineteenth century in Malabar had given rise to two kinds of revolts: one political and the second one based upon Islamic knowledge and belief. Makti Thangal’s resistance to British rule belonged to the second category. In this world of globalization and when the Muslims all over the world are facing numerous challenges, it could very well be said that Makti Thangal’s ideas are as relevant today as they were in his time. There is no denying that this great pioneer reformist had inspired later reformers like Muhammad Abdul Qadir Moulavi in bringing the Muslims to the threshold of modern education, religious redemption, political regeneration and intellectual achievement.
Dr. Midatala Rani, Professor of Political Science and Director UGC-Human Resource Development Centre, University of Mysore, and Natasha Raikar, Department of Public Administration, University of Mysore.
Waste management for any city is a Herculean task. It is the duty of the City Corporations to provide clean and healthy environment to their residents. Various aspects of waste management including collection of waste, recycling, disposal, energy, environment, NIMBY syndrome are attracting global attention. In recent times the Supreme Court of India has also intervened on issues of waste management. Increasing urbanisation contributes to waste generation. It leads to many crucial issues pertaining to the national and global economies. Adopting traditional techniques in waste management have proved a futile exercise. New initiatives are needed. In this context Zero Waste Management (ZWM) has proved to be an effective alternative. The objectives of the paper are to understand the importance of ZWM as a key to Swachh Bharat launched by Government of India to fulfill the vision of ‘Clean India’; to find out the effectiveness of various measures launched by Mysore City Corporation with regard to ZWM as Mysore City is tagged as the Second Cleanest City in the Country; to manage ZWM more effectively leading to environmentally sustainable city.
Dr. Mousumi Sengupta, Professor – HRM and OB, SDM Institute for Management Development, Mysuru,
Dr. Nilanjan Sengupta, Professor – HRM and OB, SDM Institute for Management Development, Mysuru and
Dr. Srilakshminarayana G., Assistant Professor – Quantitative Methods, SDM Institute for Management Development, Mysuru
In everyday life today, the demands are heavy and puts the individual under lot of stress and anxiety. The need to accomplish targets on time, every time, with very little tolerance for errors, are creating enormous stress on individuals in modern day life. All the students, irrespective of the nature and area of study, age, gender, culture, suffer from stress (varying degrees, varying symptoms, and, varying consequences). Researches have been conducted to record the adverse effect of stress on students. In this context, it may be noted that, students enrolled in management courses (professional education) face many unique challenges, to which they have never been exposed earlier. The students, studying in management courses, need to be prepared as future managers, who can start contributing towards organizational goals, once they get jobs. Therefore, along with teaching the multi-disciplinary subjects, post-graduate management courses, offered in the Business Schools (B- Schools) need to encourage and train the students to face challenges, such as, working with resource constraints, meeting deadlines, working in teams, meeting expectations diverse stakeholders (parents, classmates, companies, faculty members, etc), and most importantly, taking independent decisions and mentally preparing them to face the consequence of the same.
In this present paper, the authors have made an attempt to investigate the opinion of the post-graduate students, about the stress they face, in the residential private B-Schools in Karnataka. Attention was paid to investigate the four major issues: Academic, Inter-personal, Intra-personal, and Environmental. A multiple-choice questionnaire was developed and administered. Based on the responses received, data analysis was done.
Yudhishthira Sapru, Research Scholar, Faculty of Business Management and Commerce, University Business School, Panjab University, Chandigarh.
The most innovative digital transformation that has taken place since the beginning of the 21st century has been the social media revolution which has brought millions of people much closer to each other who can share their views with others without the constraints of time and space. With the availability of social networking sites, every citizen suddenly has a voice and what they say matters for the government. Governments across the world have no choice but to become transparent, responsive, and collaborative or else risk lack of public trust. Governments are now thinking of new ways to engage with the citizens and becoming more responsive. Many governments across the continents have adopted or have started using social media as a means of engaging with citizens but given the gap between government’s procedural-based functioning and real time fast communication facilitated by social media, the results of usage of social media has been mixed. This research paper throws light of various aspects of the use of social media in government organisations in the recent years which include the need for governments to be social media and factors influencing the adoption. The paper also collates the key findings of reachers to present engement strategies and strategic consideations while using social media. The research also covers benefits, costs and risks associated with the adoption besides challenges faced by government orgnaisations. Lastly, this research also attempts to evaluate if the governments have been able to fully utilize the potential of social media.
Dr. V. Santhi, Head, Department of Humanities, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu
Tourism industry plays a pivotal role in attracting foreign customers which paves the economic growth, sharing the cultures between countries. The Ministry of Tourism government of India prepares Annual tourism report with Niche products every year. The respective state governments had established the tourism development corporation to promote and develop the tourism sector in India. This research article on Tourism makes an attempt to analyze the impact of Tourism Development Corporation. The preceding discussions clearly speak out that tourism has become as global phenomena which needs support from all levels starting from National, State and Local. It also clearly shows that the development of tourism is depending upon a coordinated effort and not the contribution of any single effort-organization. Tourism has given rise to economic development and establishing of many organizations at different levels with different tasks performed by them to the cause of tourism development and promotion of tourism in the country. Tourism finance corporation of India Ltd (TFCI)-(1989) Provides assistance in the form of rupee loans, underwriting securities, equipment leasing for developing tourism industry including holiday report, hotels, amusement parks and entertainment complex.
Dr. B. Balaji, Professor, Shree Gurukripa Institute of Finance and Management, Chennai
Travel and Tourism has been an indispensable portion of Indian culture and tradition. Tourism industry is the liveliest tertiary movement and is a huge foreign exchange earner for India. This paper talks about how India is rising as a prominent traveller’s goal on the planet, driven by the attention on advancement in infrastructure and fostering incentives for sightseers. It is intended to change the mentality and conduct toward travellers from other countries by insisting on the viewpoint that a visitor is held in high regard in India since time immemorial. At the same time this article examines the role of tourism industry in India’s GDP. The paper additionally traverses the myriad landscapes in India and the potential for attracting larger international and domestic tourism. The oldest civilisation and the most populous democracy has myriad landscapes that can cater to any category of world-wide and domestic travellers. India has tremendous potential to attract the world yet hiccups created by bureaucracy and local administration coupled with acts of violence can deter arrivals from abroad. Safety and hygiene needs utmost attention and needs to be supplemented with greater professionalism. Only then the package christened ‘Incredible India’ will see better fortunes.
Dr. VisakhSuku, Fellowship in OFP/TMD/OSA, an affiliate of Roseman University Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, UTAH, US
Most patients who approach a dentist with pain are mostly dental in origin (odontogenic), but there are pains which have different roots eg: joint, neurological, muscular, headaches, sinus [non odontogenic pains]. These pains of non-odontogenic origin masquerade an odontogenic pain, often misdiagnosed followed by which a treatment mostly an irreversible one is rendered. The purpose of this article is to alert the dentist in distinguishing the different roots of pain (odontogenic or non odontogenic) through a meticulous examination resulting in an efficient and appropriate treatment.
Surendra H, Doctoral Fellow, Department of Studies in Political Science, University of Mysore.
Health care services are emerging services sector all across the world. Advanced science and Technology, increasing public awareness, the efficiency of medical care are together contributed the above said trend. Our Ancient Indians were said to be first in terms of health awareness. The indigenous systems of medicine like Ayurveda are an age old health conscience of our people. As a result of colonialism and recent Globalization, English medicine is drawing the attention of modern world including the India. As the India adapted the welfare model of governance, it left with no alternative from providing wellness to fellow citizens. Good health and free from all kind of illness is a key component of any welfare society. In order to achieve this motto, the present governments came out with the multiple model of health care administration at different stages and levels.
When it comes to the health care services, there is a gap between Rural and urban India. Rural India facing many challenges which urban India may not be. There are many favorable advantages in urban India which is lacking in rural India. Rural India is very poor, sick, neglected. The governments should take note of it, and act accordingly to provide Equitable, Affordable, and Accessible Health Services to the rural India. At the same time, National Health Programs and Policies of the both state and central governments of recent days also bringing some considerable change.